Ibisobanuro bya plastiki muri chimie (I)

Mubisanzwe twiga ibijyanye na plastiki mubireba isura, ibara, impagarara, ingano, nibindi, none se bite bya plastiki duhereye kumiti?

Ububiko bwa sintetike nigice cyingenzi cya plastiki, kandi ibirimo muri plastiki muri rusange ni 40% kugeza 100%.Bitewe nibirimo binini hamwe nimiterere ya resin ikunze kugena imiterere ya plastiki, abantu bakunze gufata ibisigazwa bisa na plastiki.
Plastike nikintu cya polymer gikozwe muri monomer nkibikoresho fatizo na polymerisime wongeyeho cyangwa polycondensation reaction.Kurwanya guhindagurika biringaniye, hagati ya fibre na rubber.Igizwe ninyongeramusaruro nkibikoresho na pigment.

Ibisobanuro bya plastike nibihimbano: Plastike nikintu cyose cyogukora cyangwa igice cya sintetike ya polymer.Muyandi magambo, plastiki ihora irimo karubone na hydrogen, nubwo ibindi bintu bishobora kuba bihari.Mugihe plastiki ishobora gukorwa muri polymer hafi ya yose, plastiki yinganda nyinshi zikorwa na peteroli.Thermoplastique na polymers ya thermoset ni ubwoko bubiri bwa plastiki.Izina "plastike" ryerekeza kuri plastike, ubushobozi bwo guhinduka utavunitse.Polimeri zikoreshwa mugukora plastike hafi ya zose zivanze ninyongeramusaruro, zirimo amabara, plasitike, stabilisateur, kuzuza, hamwe ningingo zikomeza.Izi nyongeramusaruro zigira ingaruka kumiterere yimiti, imiti nubukanishi bwa plastiki, hamwe nigiciro.
Thermosets na Thermoplastique: Polimeri ya Thermoset, izwi kandi nka thermosets, ikiza muburyo buhoraho.Ni amorphous kandi bizera ko ifite uburemere butagira umupaka.Thermoplastique, kurundi ruhande, irashobora gushyuha no guhindurwa inshuro nyinshi.Thermoplastique zimwe ni amorphous, mugihe zimwe zifite imiterere ya kristu.Ubushuhe bwa termoplastique mubusanzwe bufite uburemere bwa molekile hagati ya 20.000 na 500.000 AMU.