Iyo toning, ukurikije ibisabwa byikintu kigomba kuba amabara, birakenewe gushiraho ibipimo byiza nkibintu bifatika nubumara byibicuruzwa bya pigment.Ibintu byihariye ni: gushushanya imbaraga, gutatanya, kurwanya ikirere, kurwanya ubushyuhe, gutuza imiti, kurwanya kwimuka, imikorere y’ibidukikije, imbaraga zo guhisha, no gukorera mu mucyo.
Imbaraga zo gushushanya: Ingano yimbaraga zo kugena igena ibara ryamabara.Nimbaraga nyinshi zo gusiga, dosiye nkeya ya pigment nigiciro gito.Imbaraga zo gusiga zifitanye isano nibiranga pigment ubwayo, kimwe nubunini bwayo.
Gutandukana: Ikwirakwizwa rya pigment rifite uruhare runini ku mabara, kandi gutatana nabi bishobora gutera ibara ridasanzwe.Pigment zigomba gutatanyirizwa hamwe mubisigara muburyo bwibice byiza kugirango bigire ingaruka nziza.
Kurwanya ikirere: Kurwanya ikirere bivuga ibara ryimiterere ya pigment mubihe bisanzwe, kandi bivuga no kwihuta kwumucyo.Igabanijwe mu cyiciro cya 1 kugeza ku cya 8, naho icyiciro cya 8 nicyo gihamye cyane.
Ihungabana ridashobora gushyuha: Ihagarikwa ry’ubushyuhe ni ikimenyetso cyingenzi cyerekana amabara ya plastiki.Kurwanya ubushyuhe bwibintu bidafite ingufu ni byiza kandi birashobora kuba byujuje ibisabwa byo gutunganya plastike;ubushyuhe burwanya pigment organic ni muke.
Imiti ihindagurika: Bitewe nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha ibidukikije bya plastiki, birakenewe ko dusuzuma byimazeyo imiti irwanya imiti (irwanya aside, irwanya alkali, irwanya amavuta, irwanya ibishishwa).
Kurwanya kwimuka: Kwimuka kwimuka kwi pigment bivuga guhuza igihe kirekire cyibicuruzwa bya pulasitike byamabara nibindi bintu bikomeye, amazi, gaze nibindi bintu bya leta cyangwa gukorera ahantu runaka, bishobora kugira ingaruka kumubiri nubumara hamwe nibintu byavuzwe haruguru, aribyo igaragara nka pigment kuva kwimuka Imbere ya plastike hejuru yikintu, cyangwa kuri plastiki yegeranye cyangwa ibishishwa.
Imikorere y’ibidukikije: Hamwe n’amabwiriza arushijeho gukomera yo kurengera ibidukikije mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yacyo, ibicuruzwa byinshi bifite ibisabwa cyane ku burozi bw’amabara ya plastike, kandi uburozi bw’amabara bwarushijeho kwitabwaho.
Imbaraga zo guhisha: Imbaraga zo guhisha pigment bivuga ubunini bwubushobozi bwogukwirakwiza pigment kugirango butwikire urumuri, bivuze ko, iyo imbaraga zo kugabanya tonier zikomeye, ubushobozi bwo kubuza urumuri kunyura mumabara ikintu.
Gukorera mu mucyo: Toners ifite imbaraga zo kwihisha rwose zirakennye rwose mu mucyo, pigment organic organique ntabwo isanzwe, kandi amarangi muri rusange aragaragara.
Reba:
Zhong Shuheng.Ibara.Beijing: Inzu y'Ubwanditsi y'Ubushinwa, 1994.
[2] Indirimbo Zhuoyi n'abandi.Ibikoresho fatizo bya plastiki ninyongera.Pekin: Inzu y'Ubumenyi n'Ikoranabuhanga Ubuvanganzo, 2006.
[3] Wu Lifeng n'abandi.Igitabo gikubiyemo imfashanyigisho.Beijing: Itangazamakuru ry’inganda, 2011.
Yu Wenjie n'abandi.Ibikoresho bya plastiki hamwe nubuhanga bwo gushushanya.Igitabo cya 3.Pekin: Itangazamakuru ry’inganda zikora imiti, 2010.
Wu Lifeng.Igishushanyo mbonera cya plastiki.Igitabo cya 2.Pekin: Itangazamakuru ry’inganda zikora imiti, 2009
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-23-2022