Muri iki kibazo, dukomeje gusobanukirwa plastike duhereye ku miti.
Ibyiza bya plastiki: Imiterere ya plastiki biterwa nubumara bwimiti ya subunits, uko izo subunits zitunganijwe, nuburyo zitunganywa.Plastike zose ni polymers, ariko ntabwo polymers zose ari plastiki.Amashanyarazi ya plastike agizwe n'iminyururu ya subunits ihujwe yitwa monomers.Niba monomers imwe ihujwe, hashyirwaho homopolymer.Abamoneri batandukanye bahujwe no gukora kopi.Homopolymers na copolymers birashobora kuba umurongo cyangwa amashami.Ibindi bintu bya plastiki birimo: Plastike muri rusange irakomeye.Birashobora kuba amorphous solide, kristaline ikomeye cyangwa igice cya kirisiti (microcrystal).Ubusanzwe plastiki ni mbi zitwara ubushyuhe n amashanyarazi.Benshi ni insulator zifite imbaraga nyinshi za dielectric.Polimeri yikirahure ikunda kuba ikomeye (urugero, polystirene).Ariko, flake yiyi polymers irashobora gukoreshwa nka firime (urugero polyethylene).Hafi ya plastiki zose zerekana kuramba iyo uhangayitse kandi ntugakira mugihe imihangayiko igabanutse.Ibi byitwa "kunyerera".Plastike ikunda kuramba no guteshwa agaciro buhoro.
Ibindi bintu byerekeranye na plastiki: Plastike ya mbere yuzuye yuzuye ni BAKELITE, yakozwe na LEO BAEKELAND mu 1907. Yahimbye kandi ijambo "plastike".Ijambo "plastike" rikomoka ku ijambo ry'Ikigereki PLASTIKOS, bivuze ko rishobora gukorwa cyangwa kubumbabumbwa.Hafi ya kimwe cya gatatu cya plastiki yakozwe ikoreshwa mugupakira.Ibindi bitatu bya gatatu bikoreshwa kuruhande no kuvoma.Ubusanzwe plastiki isukuye ntishobora gushonga mumazi kandi ntabwo ari uburozi.Nyamara, inyongeramusaruro nyinshi muri plastiki ni uburozi kandi zirashobora kwangiza ibidukikije.Ingero zinyongeramusaruro zirimo phthalates.Polimeri idafite ubumara irashobora kandi kwangirika mumiti iyo ishyushye.
Nyuma yo gusoma ibi, wongereye gusobanukirwa plastiki?
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-17-2022